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Christian Mergenthaler
Julius Christian Mergenthaler (8 November 1884 - † 11 September 1980), was a Nazi German politician, member of the Reichstag and Württemberg Landtag, Ministerpräsident of Württemberg and Culture Minister.
==Early life==
Christian Mergenthaler was born in the Württemberg town of Waiblingen, the son of a baker. He attended grammar school there between 1894 and 1898 and then graduated from high school in Cannstatt in 1902. After studying in Stuttgart, Tübingen and Göttingen, he passed the first service exam for secondary school teachers in 1907, spent 1908-1909 as a National service volunteer, and then passed the second exam in 1911. Following that, he was employed as senior teacher in the grammar and high schools in Leonberg. During World War I he served as an artillery officer, much of that time at the front.
In 1920 Mergenthaler became a Gymnasium Professor in the town of Schwäbisch Hall. A conservative German nationalist, with an anti-Semitic character, his radicalized war experience and sense of postwar social outrage led him to extreme right politics. Mergenthaler co-founded the local chapter of the Nazi Party in Schwäbisch Hall in 1922, for which he was heavily engaged as a public speaker. After the NSDAP was banned in 1923, he joined the National Socialist Freedom Party (NSFP) instead. In 1924 he was elected to a seat for them in the Württemberg Landtag (State Parliament) and that same year he won a seat in the Reichstag.
When the ban on the Nazis expired in 1925, the NSFP was dissolved and many of its members rejoined the NSDAP. Mergenthaler hesitated to do so until 1927 because he thought Adolf Hitler's dictatorial style was harmful to the cause. In a 1928 struggle for the key position of NSDAP-Gauleiter, Mergenthaler was then outflanked by his rival Wilhelm Murr, which resulted massive tension between them. While Mergenthaler did not gain office inside the Party, he did hold the paramilitary rank of SA-Obergruppenführer in the Sturmabteilung. He always wore this uniform at public events. From 1928 to 1932, as the only representative of the NSDAP in the Landtag, he aggressively pursued the goals of the Party.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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